One second is too short—two seconds is too long
Mr. Koiso adds that timing is also vital in manual soldering. Insufficient heating will not melt the solder, while too much heating could destroy an electronic component.
"The heating period will vary according to the temperature setting; however, in some tricky cases, one second will be too short while two seconds would be too long. The heating temperature and period will vary slightly, in accordance with the shape of the electronic component and the size of the land on which it is being mounted. The only way to get it right is to develop a knack through long experience."
Proper soldering produces robust joints that maintain electrical continuity for many years. Bad soldering leads to serious quality failures, such as poor continuity or components that fall off the PCB.
Soldering is one of the mainstays of product quality.